Feeder for explosion engines



. W. C. WILLIAMS FEEDER FOR EXPLOSION ENGINES Feb. 10. 1925.

Filed June 5 1921 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 -"Eeb.10.1925 1,526,262

W. C. WILLIAMS FEEDER FOR EXPLOSION ENGINES Filed June 15, 1921 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 III/IIIII/mll m 6km new Patented Feb. 10, 1925..

I UNITED STATES PATENT WILLARD G. WILLIAM 553, TUE INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA.

Fnnnnn re n nnrnosron ENGINES.

Application filed June 15, 1921.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that IQWILLARD C. lVIL n Ms,

a citizen of the United States of America,

residing at Indianapolis, in the county of Marion and Stateo'f Indiana, have invented new and useful Improvements in Feeders for Explosion Engines, of which the follow.- ing is a specification.

The object of the invention is to provide means. for supplying heated moisture carrying air to the explosive mixture as an ingredient, thereof for the purpose of efiecting a complete combustion of the, charge at each explosion of the engine and of conveying said combustion supporting agency to the intake manifold of the engine under such conditions as to insure the perfect mixture and uniform commingling of the tuel a-nd combustion supporting agent and a complete vaporization of the fuel prior to its admissionto the cylinder; and with these ob jects in view the invention consists in a construction and combination of parts of which a preferred embodiment is shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Figure 1 is a View of an engine of the Ford type having arranged in operative relation therewith a "fuel feeding apparatus constructed in accordance with the invention.

Figure 2 is a vertical sectionalview of the retort.

Figure 3 is a vertical sectional view oi the radiator cap.

Figure 4 is a detail view of the operating rods. 1

Fig. 5 is a sectional elevation taken on the line 55 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 6 is a cross sectional iew of the lower portion of the retort.

The invention contemplates conducting a supply of moisture laden air from the radiator 10 as the most convenient and accessible source thereof through the zone exposed to the heat of the exhaust manitold 11 of the engine of which a typical form is shown at 12, and introducing the same into a mixing and atomizing retort 13 with which communicates the carbureter 14, under such conditions as to insure an efiectivecommingling of the moisture laden air with the carburetted air received from the carbureter in proportions which can be controlled and which are regulable automatically or other- Serial No. 477,750.

Wise to suit e ond t ons under hich th engine is operating.

In. carrying out this object there is emp y an r fe d ube 15 which has its i let end in a radiator cap extension 16 removably fitted as by being. threaded upon 1 h radiator cap ube 1 ,1 saidjcxten nbeng pr ded Wi hsuita le thu b to facilitate P191na o and rem ve Wile-. he ra a r is to be lled n ordina y ay- Al ommunic ting. w th the a the exhaust manifold in close proximity to or through the same as indicated respectively in full and dotted lines in Figure 1 within the heat zone there-oi" so that the moist air received by the tube from the radiator, and due to the evaporation of the 1 water in the radiator is raised'to a relatively high temperature in its passage tothe retort 13.

The discharge of the heated moist air from the feed tube 15 into the retort 13 is in an upward direction at the bottom of the latter by means of a spray or distributing nozzle 20 acting as a blower by reason of the suction to which the contents of the retort are exposed on the intake or induction strokes of the cylinder pistons, by reason of the connection of the retort througl' its out let 21 with the intake manifold 22, said nozzle having a cylindrical wall 23 fitted with a distributing cap plate 24 which is provided with a "beveled peripheral edge spaced slightly from the beveled upper edge of the wall 23 to cause an upwardly expanding column of air from the nozzle as it enters the vaporizer as shown by the arrows in Figure 2. The inlet through the nozzle is also controlled to a certain extent by a gravity acuated or yieldingly seated valve 25 which is mounted to unseat inwardly or when exposed to the reduction of pressure in the retort.

The carbureter inlet 26 to the retortis disposed at one side of the latter substantially in the horizontal plane of the outlet of the nozzle 20 so that as the carburetted air is inducted from the carlnu'eterinto the retort it is exposed to the upwardly directing flaring column of heated moisture laden air by the same influence through the nozzle and the columns of carburetted air and moisture laden air thereby intersect and are broughtinto a more or less intimate relation tending to induce thorough commingling thereof.

Disposed in the path of upward movement of the vapor represented by the mire ture of carburetted air and moisture laden air due to the reduction of PI'QSSRaE at the top of the retort on the suction strokes of the engine pistons is arranged a battle plate 27 serving to impede the upward progress of the column of vapor and distribute it for passage through a gauze wire screen of annular form as shown at 28 surrounding the baflie plate and serving as the only means of communication between the lower or inlet chamber B of the retort and the upper or discharge hamber A thereof.

Furthermore and also arranged transversely in the retort above the plane of the baflie plate 27 there is arranged a second battle plate 29 fitted with a l'i'ltlltlpll jl ly of minute tubes 29 arranged in inclined relation to the plane of the plate 29 and also in inclined relation to the axis of the retort or the normal path of progress of the vapor from the lower to the upper end of the retort said tubes being inclined in a ctnumon or spiral direction so that the min-ire ot vapors in passing therethrough as the only means of communication between the spares below and above the said plate receive a circulatory or gyratory or swirling movement in which condition they approach the outlet 21 which in turn is controlled by a throttle valve 30 of which the stem 31 is provioed with an operating lever 32 under the control of the operator of the car through a suitable operating rod 33.

The carbureter needle valve is also under the control as in the ordinary practice of the operator through an operating rod 35 extending as indicated to the dash board 36 and in practice a connection is established between the throttle valve operating rod 33 and the needle valve operating rod 35 as shown in detail in Figure t to the end that when the gas controlling lever is operated by the driver to unseat the needle Valve of the carbureter the throttle valve is It will be obvious that in the operation of the apparatus the suction of the engine on the intahe strokes of the cylinder pistons causes an induction of hot moist air from the feed tube 15 into the retort where it immediately comes into intimate contact with the carburetted air from the carburetor, in a finely divided or expanded condition due to the construction of the discharge nozzle 20 and the relative positions of said nozzle and gas inlet, the valve 25 being unseatcd by the suction to permit of the inflow of said hot moist air. This valve being located at the entrance to the retort autoi'natically controls the amount of air introduced when the engine is idling or running without a load, and when the engine is being speeded the practically continuous pressure thereon due to the rapid intake strokes of the engine serves to hold the valve in a raised position so as to admit the full capacity of the air tube. Upon passing the control valve 2:? the air in the sprayed condition above indi cated passes up into the lower chamber ol the retort where it practically envelopes the spray of vapor introduced from the carbureter, whether of gasoline or kerosene and completes the operation of vaporizing the fuel by reason of the temperature of the column of air. The mixture of hot moist air and vaporized fuel then comes into contact with the battle plate or spreading disk 27 and is distributed to pass through the screen which may as illustrated be formed in a frame consisting of the plate 27 which is threaded at its periphery into the vaporizer. From the screen the mixture of vapors passes through the circulating or swirl plate consisting of the baffle 29 and the angularly directing tubes 29' thereof where they receive a gyratory movement and in this condition approach the valve control outlet 21 for passage to the cylinders.

The result of the indicated preparation of the fuel in the operation of the engine i that the formation of carbon is minimized and the motor is as a consequence adapted to run more quietly, smoothly and eillciently, with the minimizing ot the consumption of fuel in proportion to the energy produced.

It is further claimed in this connection as an advantage of the interposing of the feeder between the carburetor and the intake manifold that not only is there no ill effect incident for example to a tendency to objectionably retard the feed of the fuel to the cylinders but that on the other hand the feeder tends to eliminate the induction into the cylinders of a useless amount of ga which ordinarily reaches the same when a direct connection is made between the intake manifold and the carburetor. With this attachment the needle valve can be adjusted much more closely or with a smaller opening or passage for the gas, and when operating inc Cit

on long runs as in. touring it is possible to reduce the needle valve opening materially and hence proportionately reduce the consumption of the gas without detracting from the efiiciency of the motor.

It should further be understood in this connection that while as a matter of convenience the feeding. apparatus has been shown in connection with a particular type of motor, its utilityis not limited to any one type but with slight variations in the connections may be applied generally to the motors of any of the commercial or other types of automobiles, tractors, stationary engines or the like and whether the fuel employed is gasoline or kerosene.

Having described the invention, what is claimed as new and useful is 1. A feeder for interposition between a carburetor and an intake manifold and having a retort interiorly subjected to suction due to the induction strokes of the motor pistons and means for supplying the retort with moisture laden heated air, the retort having a carburetor inlet arranged between the air inlet and the point of communication with the intake manifold. V

A. feeder for interposition between a carbureter and an intake manifold and having a retort interiorly subjected to suction due to the induction strokes of the motor pistons, and an air feed tube extending from the radiator through the heated zone of the exhaust manifold to the retort at a point remote from the communication of the latter with the intake manifold, the retort having a carbureter inlet disposed between the air inlet and the outlet to the manifold.

3. A. feeder for interposition between a carbureter and an intake manifold and having a retort interiorly subjected to suction due to the induction strokes of the motor pistons, a distributing nozzle arranged in the retort at the opposite end from the com munication thereof with the intake manifold and means for supplying said nozzle with moisture laden heated air, said nozzle having means for discharging an upwardly flaring column of air intersecting the colman of vapor inducted from the carbureter.

4. A feeder for interposition between a earbureter and an intake manifold and having a retort interiorly subjected to suction due to the induction strokes of the motor pistons, a distributing nozzle arranged in the retort at the opposite end from the communication thereof with the intake manifold and means for supplying said nozzle with moisture laden heated air, said nozzle having means for discharging an upwardly flaring column of air intersecting the column of vapor inducted from the carburetor and provided with a normally seated inwardly opening pressure actuable controlling valv 5. A feeder for interposition between a carburetor and an intake manifold and ha-v ing a retort interiorly subjected to snot-ion due to the induction strokes of the motor pistons a distributing nozzle arranged in the retort at the opposite end from the communication thereof with the intake manifold and means for supplying said nozzle with moisture laden heated air, said nozzle having means for discharging an upwardly flaring column of air intersecting the column of vapor inducted from the carbureter and provided with a normally seated inwardly opening controlling valve unseatable by reduction of internal pressure.

6. A feeder for interposition between a carburetor and an intake manifold and having a retort interiorly subjected to suction due to the induction strokes of the motor pistons, a distributing nozzle arranged in the retort at the opposite end from the communication thereof with the intake manifold and means for supplying said nozzle with moisture laden heated air, a baffle being interposed between the nozzle and the exhaust into the intake manifold and provided with spirally disposed passages therethrough for imparting a gyratory movement to the vapors.

7. A feeder for interposition between a carbureter and an intake manifold and hav- H ing a retort interiorly subjected to suction due to the induction strokes of the motor pistons, a distributing nozzle arranged in the retort at the opposite end from the communication thereof with the intake manifold and means for supplying said nozzle with moisture laden heated air, a swirl plate being interposed between the nozzle and the outlet to the intake manifold and consisting of a plate having tubular vapor directing passages arranged at an inclination to the path of movement of the vapors.

8. A feeder for interposition between a carbureter and an intake manifold and having a retort interiorly subjected to suction due to the induction strokes of the motor pistons, a distributing nozzle arranged in the retort at the opposite end from the communication thereof with the intake manifold and means for supplying said nozzle with moisture-laden heated air, an inlet from the carbureter being provided in the retort between the plane of the nozzle and the outlet to the intake manifold, and a baflle interposed between the nozzle and the outlet into the intake manifold and also between the carbureter inlet and said intake manifold and surrounded by an atomizing screen.

9. A feeder for interposition between a carburetor and an intake manifold and having a retort interiorly subjected to suction due to the induction strokes of the motor pistons, a distributing nozzle arranged in the retort at the opposite end from the communication thereof with the intake manithe nozzle and the outlet into the intake manifold and also between the carbureter inlet and said intake manifold and surrounded by an atomizing screen.

In testimony whereof he aflixes his signature.

WILLARD C. VILLIAMS. 

